THE ROLE OF WOMEN IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

РОЛЬ ЖЕНЩИН В СТРОИТЕЛЬНОЙ ИНДУСТРИИ

Тюрина Таисия Максимовна

студент, Национальный Исследовательский Московский Государственный Строительный Университет,

РФ, г. Москва

Юдина Ирина Ивановна

преподаватель, Национальный Исследовательский Московский Государственный Строительный Университет,

РФ, г. Москва

ABSTRACT

This article is devoted to the issue of determining the role of women in the construction industry. The purpose of the study was to identify the positions that women can occupy in this industry, to study the recommendations of psychologists, to determine the role of women leaders, in the construction industry, to study the personnel management of women at the Moscow State University of Civil Engineering.

АННОТАЦИЯ

Данная статья посвящена вопросу определения роли женщин в строительной сфере. Целью исследования было определить должности, которые женщины могут занимать в этой отрасли, изучить рекомендации психологов, установить роль женщин-руководителей, в строительной индустрии, изучить кадровый руководящий состав женщин в НИУ МГСУ.

Keywords: woman, construction industry, personnel, construction site, engineer, specialties, professions, knowledge, skills, construction, leadership.

Ключевые слова: женщина, строительная сфера, кадры, строительная площадка, инженер, специальности, профессии, знания, навыки, строительство, руководство.

Today in the world, there are almost no fields of activity in which women cannot work on an equal footing with men. According to Federal State Statistics Service, every sixth person at a construction site is a woman, and in design organizations, construction offices and developer offices more than half of employees are women.

The smallest number of women is in the following positions: site manager, high-rise installer, construction engineer (civil engineer), electrical engineer, HVAC (heating ventilation and air conditioning systems engineer) engineer, various installers on the internal and external systems of buildings.

Women are virtually absent in such traditional male occupations as capital construction foreman, project manager and chief engineer. Currently, the situation is changing dramatically. Let us take a closer look at the positions that women can fill in the construction industry. There is always a need for engineers and technicians, estimators, lawyers for real estate and here women have every chance to be in these positions on an equal footing with men. And among accountants in the construction industry, women are the vast majority. Intuition and patience of women, as well as their creativity greatly help the beautiful half of humanity in the profession of realtor or designer, where you need to make contact with the client, but very stressful managerial positions do not always suit women.

There is a real division in the construction professions into male and female, but in real estate and construction, women will compete with men in any specialty if they wish. Although there is a preference for men directly in construction, there are exceptions to every rule. The main thing is to have professional knowledge and skills.

Women fit harmoniously in the areas of construction activities, where it is necessary to show the most inherent qualities - attentiveness, accuracy, precision performance, creative skills and intuition. Psychologists argue that:

1. Women tend to have a flexible mind and the ability to perceive things instantly

2. Women are less likely to be stressed

3. Women act logically and consistently when it comes to work

4. Most women think through their actions beforehand, which is very important in the construction field

5. Women show more patience and attention to even the smallest details

6. Women in a managerial position in this industry can properly organize the work of men; make them more responsible and punctual

7. Women are trusted to work with great reluctance, and experienced workers in general believe that women should be strictly forbidden to work at construction sites.

8. There are professions in which men yield or begin to yield primacy: painter, plasterer, tiler or finisher-tiler, master of dry construction or plasterboard operator, crane operator, the most important person at the site - it is the foreman, because the organization of the construction process depends on him: if everything is done correctly, and the object will be erected by the deadline. Previously, no one would have thought that this position could be filled by a woman. There were doubts as to whether a hundred men could subordinate a woman in the work. Now women are increasingly being trained in the basics of the construction process and they are able to make sure they are respected and listened to by any worker. A woman who occupies the position of foreman needs iron nerves, good health, great professionalism and perfect knowledge of construction materials.

If you compare the times of the USSR and modern Russia, in the past there were more women in the construction, especially in the postwar years: male power was in short supply and it was necessary to build a lot, as many people needed housing. At that time there was no discrimination whatsoever, everything was on women's shoulders. Then the situation leveled off, the male population began to increase, technology became more complex, and women had to squeeze in and take on their original responsibilities, namely, household chores.

Some women are still afraid to choose the construction profession. It's not easy for women to get into construction professions: universities and colleges mostly focus on young men. But there are also such women who, for the sake of their future favorite business, become real specialists in the construction industry. Psychologists recommend such women to observe the following simple rules:

1. Turn off feminine behavior. No phrases like: "oh, my nail is broken," "mommy, mascara is leaking" - should not be. Full concentration!

2. Do not advise men what to do: all the same will not listen.

3. Learn to resist all from men: otherwise you may lose respect.

4. Be able to understand foul words and construction terms, be able to maneuver them so that everyone understands you.

5.  Work well: if you do an excellent job, then everyone will respect you.

A builder is a creator, and a woman fully embodies herself as a creator. The presence of women at the construction site has recently become a good omen: it brings harmony to the team; the objects are built on positive emotions, not with foul language and a lot of negativity. Remuneration of labor for women at construction sites in Moscow starts from 70 thousand rubles and higher and it is also constantly increasing. According to the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation, from January 2021, more than 30 new professions will be available to women, including repair and construction work, such as rebar work and slab work. However, jobs that require moving loads will remain prohibited, because according to the law, women are not allowed to lift more than 10 kilograms.

Construction work is a male-dominated field, in which women can only learn certain specialties, often without "admission" to certain processes because of their physical abilities.

But when it comes to a woman at the head of a large construction company, the gender criteria for evaluating her performance are no longer relevant. There are not many women executives these days. But the situation has been changing in recent years, and it has a positive change.

If a woman wants to work in the construction industry, the most important thing is to never give up. Throughout their careers, women will encounter people questioning their abilities and credibility. But if women are patient and persistent, a management position can be a very lucrative and rewarding field for women. To young girls on the path of choosing a profession, the construction industry can be safely recommended. At the moment, this industry is very rich in specialties that are in demand in the modern world.

Let us move on to the role of women in construction training, just at our university, and let us study the managerial staff of institutes and departments.

The university management consists of 13 people, three of whom are women in leadership positions: the position of vice-rectors. In the management of seven institutes – all men are in the positions of directors; in the management of 33 Departments 11 women hold the position of department heads.

In conclusion, it is necessary to note that the number of women working in the construction industry is steadily increasing. Yes, there are professions and specializations that are not available to women, but this is compensated by a large percentage of other professions and specializations, and women in the construction industry show very good results in their work.

Nowadays, the construction industry for women as well as for men is very promising for life and career, as the construction profession is in high demand in the labor market.

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