PROBLEMS OF MODERNIZATION OF HIGH-SPEED RAILWAYS AND INFRASTRUCTURE IN CHINA

ПРОБЛЕМЫ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА МАНЕВРОВЫХ ЛОКОМОТИВОВ В КИТАЕ

Ислангериев Абу-Бакар Саидович

студент, специальность подвижной состав железных дорог, Ростовский государственный университет путей сообщения,

РФ, г. Ростов-на-Дону

Симонова Оксана Борисовна

научный руководитель, канд. филос. наук, доц., Ростовский государственный университет путей сообщения,

РФ, г. Ростов-на-Дону

ABSTRACT

The article discusses the main problems of shunting locomotive production in China. The reasons for the difficulties are analyzed, as well as possible solutions to these problems and prospects for the development of the industry are discussed.

АННОТАЦИЯ

В статье рассматриваются основные проблемы производства маневровых локомотивов в Китае. Анализируются причины трудностей, а также обсуждаются возможные пути решения этих проблем и перспективы развития отрасли.

Keywords: shunting locomotives, manufacturing, transport engineering.

Ключевые слова: маневровые локомотивы, производство, транспортное машиностроение.

Shunting locomotives play an important role in China's railway system, ensuring the smooth operation of marshalling yards, industrial plants and ports. However, their production faces a number of problems related to dependence on foreign technologies, increasing environmental requirements and difficulties in upgrading outdated models. This article examines the main challenges faced by the Chinese railway industry in this segment. Despite significant progress in localizing production, China is still partially dependent on foreign technologies, especially in the field of diesel engines and electronic locomotive control systems. This creates barriers to the development of fully national models and increases the cost of production. China is actively tightening environmental regulations, which requires manufacturers to implement more environmentally friendly and energy-efficient solutions. However, the transition to hybrid and all-electric shunting locomotives requires significant investments, which slows down the process of adapting to new requirements. Rising prices for raw materials, logistical costs, and changes in government policy to support machine-building enterprises are having an impact on the cost and competitiveness of Chinese shunting locomotives. Many manufacturers are forced to look for new ways to optimize costs without losing quality. Most of the fleet of shunting locomotives in China needs to be updated. However, modernization requires significant investments and technological solutions that have not yet been fully mastered by Chinese manufacturers. The introduction of digital control and automation systems also requires major changes in infrastructure. Solutions and prospects: increased funding for research and development to reduce dependence on foreign components, active introduction of hybrid and electric shunting locomotives to meet new environmental standards, provision of tax incentives and subsidies to stimulate innovation in mechanical engineering, partnership with foreign companies to share technologies and experience. The production of shunting locomotives in China faces a number of challenges, but the development of national technologies, government support and the introduction of environmentally friendly solutions can help overcome existing barriers. With an integrated approach to solving these problems, China will be able not only to reduce dependence on imported technologies, but also to take a leading position in the global railway transport market.

References:

1. Liu, Z., & Wang, Y. (2022). Development of China's Railway Locomotive Industry: Challenges and Opportunities. Beijing: China Railway Publishing.
2. Zhang, H. (2021). Sustainable Transport and Railway Engineering in China. Shanghai: Transport Research Institute.
3. Министерство транспорта КНР (2023). Доклад о развитии железнодорожного транспорта в Китае.
4. The China Railway Corporation (2023). Annual Report on Locomotive Manufacturing and Technology Advances.